About: Artists


Johnny Bear Contreras from San Pasqual Indian Reservation in Valley Center, California, is the designer and sculptor for the "Spirit of the Earth" Native American Memorial in the Plaza of the Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels. He is a member of the Kumeyaay tribe of San Diego and first realized he wanted to be an artist while playing in the orange grove of his family's ranch.

As the youngest of ten children, Contreras escaped to the quiet of the fields. One day a King snake startled him as it crawled over his hands. "I just sat there and watched it," he remembers. As he became aware of his hands and "what I could do with them," he began working with clay. He became committed "to wanting to explain things to people."


Contreras' dream of becoming an artist did not begin until 1995. Until then he was a construction worker who enjoyed partying at Pacific Beach. A drunken-driving arrest placed him in jail, and that night he decided to change his life and pursue his passion. The small sums he received for his early wood carvings encouraged him to study art at Palomar College.

Soon Contreras began sharing ideas at pow-wows with other Indian artists. At one fateful meeting in Santa Fe Springs he met the city's director of public art, leading to his first commission, a $50,000 bronze statue, "The Journey," created in 1997 and installed at a school.

As his fame grew, Contreras was asked to create a sculpture for the Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels. The Cathedral's adobe color, its brightness and light motivated Contreras to design art that was natural, "that looks like an extension of the earth." The theme of pilgrimage, of the journey of faith, inspired his desire to depict the Kumeyaay story of creation, in which people emerged from the waters of the earth.

Contreras spent months working alone on the model, molding a mixture of wax and clay, until the form was ready to be bronzed at a foundry in Mexico. He is not convinced inspiration comes from only his basic experiences in life, but that "different spirits help from the past, present and future."

The artist believes people of all ethnic groups will respond to the sculpture because "truly we are of kin." At one time, all people made a living with their hands. "God gave us the hands and the ability to see, to adapt, and to provide for," Contreras explains. He emphasizes "figurative-type" work in his sculpture, trying to keep it basic so all can identify.

The fact that the Cathedral has a memorial sculpture by a Native American is significant to Contreras because it recognizes "Native American art as fine arts." A hundred years from now Contreras hopes people will recognize that his sculpture was made by an artist "among hundreds, if not thousands, of Native American fine artists by that time."

The Cathedral commission caused Contreras to look at his own spirituality. He had to consider how he would touch people's hearts and minds in the form and design. The challenge to reach the transforming power of art for him was "to reach deeper than I've ever reached before."

Learn more about the NATIVE AMERICAN MEMORIAL


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